Headaches Treatment & Prevention – Part 3
Having looked at how to describe and classify headaches & migraines in my introduction, I then moved on to look at how massage can help sufferers in part 1. Then in part 2 I looked at how nutrition and Bowen technique could help. I want to continue to explore the impact of complementary therapies on headaches.
Cranio-Sacral Therapy
Cranio-sacral therapy is a system of alternative medicine intended to relieve pain and tension by gentle manipulations of the skull regarded as harmonizing with a natural rhythm in the central nervous system.
Cranio-sacral therapists suspect the occipito-atlanteal junction at the top of the neck may contribute to the cause of headaches especially migraines. If the first vertebrae and the occipital condyles at the base of the skull become jammed together or fixed, which effects the vagus nerves, throwing the parasympathetic nervous system into dysfunction. Cranio-sacral therapists report releasing the occipital condyles nearly always results in the reduction of migraines patterns in clients.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture is a treatment derived from ancient Chinese medicine in which fine needles are inserted at certain sites in the body for therapeutic or preventative purposes. There is some scientific evidence acupuncture has a beneficial effect on headaches and migraines (see >> http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Acupuncture/Pages/Evidence.aspx)
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Cryotherapy
We all know that sports stars take ice baths and I am often asked why they do it, and do I need to do it after I run. So today I am going to answer that question. Cryotherapy is one of long accepted tools of a sports masseur. If you have ever watched a football match on telly, you will have seen someone fall to the ground and the coach run on with a bucket of water and the magic sponge and the player then hopefully gets up and hobbles around before taking an active part in the game. So the magic sponge, (the application of cold water to an injured area) is Cyrotherapy in its most basic form. The local application of ice or cold water is beneficial because
- It relieves pain
- Reduces muscle spams (i.e. athletes take ice baths to avoid feeling stiff the next day)
- When someone is injured it moderates inflammation
- Rest - by which I mean avoid weight bearing activities and anything that causes pain for 24 - 48 hours.
- Ice - Use either cold water or ice wrapped in a tea towel and apply for 2 - 20 minutes for 2-3 days then 3 times daily. When applying ice you go through the cold, aching, burning and numbness sensation cycle, it is very important to stop at numbness to avoid burning yourself.
- Compression - use a compression bandage if necessary
- Elevation - if the injury is to a limb, elevate it to help it heal.

What happens to your muscles when you sit?
Chair sitting is unique in that Gluteus maximi are totally relaxed at the same time as having an upright torso, and they are therefore not able to contribute to lumbar extension and back stabilization as they usually do. Without the help of the Gluteal muscles, the Erector Spinae muscles above become tired and painful in a very short time, and give up fighting to maintain the correct "hollow" in the lumbar spine.
The diagram on the left indicates what happens to three key muscles when you spend long periods of time sitting.
The Hamstrings (H) are shortened by sitting. Also, during sitting, the Gluteus Maximus (GM) is relaxed and unable to tension the lumbosacral fascia. This means the Errector Spinae (ES) muscle group must therefore perform the entire lumber extension workload.
This article discusses the link between lower back pain and the following muscle problems:-
- Shortening of the hamstring muscle.
- Overworking of the Erector Spinae muscle group and the development of trigger points.
- Overworking of the Iliopsoas muscle group and the development of trigger points.
- Diffuse achy - type pain radiating out from the groin area to the lower back, and possibly around to the side of the hip and the butt area. If the trigger points in the groin are not pressed, the pain is not sharp or stabbing.
- Relief of pain is often experienced by sitting down.
- Worse upon lengthening the iliopsoas, i.e. when one stands up, or straightens the hip joint.
- Worse for doing situps.
- Worsened by externally rotating the hip (i.e. making the knee cap look outward) when the hip joint is fully extended.
- In patients with sciatic nerve pain, lying flat on one's back with the legs out straight causes the trigger point tightened iliopsoas to compress the lumbar vertebrae together, with the result that the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve are compressed too.
- When lying flat on one's back, doing a straight leg raise reveals weakness on the affected side.
- In patients with sciatic nerve pain due to nerve root compression, lying flat on one's back with legs out straight stretches that trigger point tightened iliopsoas. The result is that the iliopsoas compresses the lumbar vertebrae together, and the the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve are compressed at the same time.


