Do your friends impact your health?
In our day to day lives, during the times when we are deciding what to eat or whether to watch TV or take a walk, who is more likely to be around us, our family, friends, flat mates or a doctor? Even for individuals living with a chronic condition who will probably only spend a few hours a year with medical professionals compared to the thousands of waking hours with family and friends.
Recently researches discovered that women are more likely to survive breast cancer if they have a strong social network of friends and family, whereas those who are more isolated are twice as likely to die of the disease.
University of Pennsylvania have found that good health is more likely if people see fewer doctors and more of their family and friends especially if they get their support and help. They discovered that people are more likely to make healthier choices – like going for a walk over watching TV if they are around family and friends. In addition people are more likely to go to the gym if they have someone to go with.
Being part of a group e.g. family, friends, book club, tennis club, social group, religious/spiritual practice seems to aid our motivation to be healthier in terms of diet, exercise, smoking or drinking. This could be because being part of a group enhances your sense of meaning in life, which in turn leads you to better take care of yourself. Or it could be down to feeling a sense of responsibility towards other or even just wanting to fit in.
References
D A. Asch, and R Rosin, Engineering Social Incentives for Health, N Engl J Med 2016; 375:2511-2513
Kroenke, C. H., Michael, Y. L., Poole, E. M., Kwan, M. L., Nechuta, S., Leas, E., Caan, B. J., Pierce, J., Shu, X.-O., Zheng, Y. and Chen, W. Y. (2017), Postdiagnosis social networks and breast cancer mortality in the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project. Cancer, 123: 1228–1237. doi:10.1002/cncr.30440
Tarrant, M., Warmoth, K., Code, C., Dean, S., Goodwin, V. A., Stein, K., & Sugavanam, T. (2016). Creating psychological connections between intervention recipients: development and focus group evaluation of a group singing session for people with aphasia. BMJ Open, 6(2), e009652.
Related Posts

Running & Running Injuries
In the UK around 10.5 million people run or jog as a leisure activity and or fitness activity. Running injuries are common and may variables can contribute. Running injuries can happen to both experienced and inexperienced runners - up to 79% of runners with get injured in any one year. Most running injuries occur in the lower extremities as you would expect. With the knee being the most common injured site followed by the lower leg, foot and upper leg. The top five injuries are:
- Patellofemoral pain - generic term for describe pain at the front and around the knee cap.
- Illiotibial band (ITB) syndrome - pain on the outside of the knee.
- Tibial stress fractures/syndrome - fatigue induced stress fracture.
- Plantar fasciitis - pain in the heel or bottom of the foot.
- Achilles tendonitis - pain, swelling and stiffness of the achilles tendon.

How to protect your eyesight as you get older
I have been wearing glasses since I was a teenager, so I am always interested in how to protect my eyesight. One of the most common cuases of failing eyesight as we get older is age related macular degeneration (AMD). Scientists tracked the diets and eye health of over 2,000 people who were at least 49 years old at the start of the study. The people's eye sight and diet were then tracked over the next 15 years. The researchers discovered that those eating between 100 - 142mg of vegatable nitrates were less likely to have the early signs of AMD. Currently once AMD starts medicine has no answers and it can in some cases cause blindness. This means prevention of AMD is very important. Vegatable nitrates found in leafy green vegatables and beets reduces the risk of developing AMD by 35%. 100g of spinach contains 20mg of nitrate. One serving of spinach is 30g, so you would need ot eat 3 servings. Reference Gopinath B, Liew G, Kifley A, Lewis JR, Bondonno C, Joachim N, Hodgson JM, Mitchell P. Association of Dietary Nitrate Intake with the 15-Year Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018 Dec;118(12):2311-2314

The low down on natural sugars, part 3 – my thumbs up list
In my introduction on natural sugars, I listed a variety of foods that can be added when cooking as a natural sweetner, this would always be my preference. I know there are times when we need a natural alternative to white sugar, previously I listed my thumbs down list of alternatives, so here is my thumbs up list. Maple Syrup Made from the sap of maple trees. It contains 34 beneficial compounds including antioxidants, anti-inflamatories, zinc and magnesium. It doesn't cause problems in the digestive tract so its ok for IBS sufferers. Its a good natural sweetner when baking or as a substitute for honey. Palm Sugar A traditional Ayurvedic ingredient containing B vitamins that has a low gycaemic index (40) so is suitable for diabetics. A good alternative to sugar in cooking, baking and in drinks. Barley Malt Extract/Syrup Its an unrefined natural sweetner derived from sprouted, dried, booked and reduced barley malt, which contains some minerals and vitamins. A good choice as a natural sweetner with almost no fructose or sucrose but can give a malty taste. Brown rice Malt/Syrup This contains maltotriose, maltose and glucose cheaper versions use enzymes to turn the starches into sugar while others use sprouted grains that realse enzymes which is better. It doesn't contain fructose. It can add a little crunch to baked and cooked products so is good in crumbles, flapjacks or granolas. Stevia Derived from the leaves of a plant from South America with the same name. 300 times sweeter than sugar (sucrose) but with a slightly bitter after taste. Avoid products which aren't 100% stevia. Use in moderation as it primes the body for a certain amount of calories for sweetness, so may increase appetite. Whole Cane Sugar A naturally unrefined form of whole sugar that is absorbed more slowly into the blood stream. It can be difficult to find. Coconut (Palm) Sugar also known as Coconut Nectar or Blossom Syrup Rich in B vitamins, magnesium, calcium, potassium, zinc , 17 amino acids, short-chain fatty acis and antioxidants. It contains inulin which is a prebotic which feeds the benefical bacteria in our gut. However, there are mixed opinions on its sustainability. It is said to taste like brown sugar. Yacon Syrup From the yacon or peruvian ground apple. It tastes like a cross between an apple and pear. It contains good amounts of vitamins and minerals plus a prebiotic. It may not be suitable for people with IBS due to its high FOS (fructooligosaccharide) content. It is suitable for diabetics. Use instead of liquid sweeteners like honey and also in baking. References Alternatives to Sugar by Dr M Glenville (Lifestyles Press, 2016).

