Physical Impact of stress on the Body – Part 2.

In part 1, I looked at the first two phases of stress

  • Phase 1 – the Alarm Phase
  • Phase 2 – the Resistance Phase
  • Phase 3 – Exhaustion

To reach phase 3 – Exhaustion there must be prolonged exposure to cortisol and other stress resistance hormones.

In the resistance stage the body uses high cortisol levels to free up stored energy for the body to use to physically resist the stressor.  If the body is unable to reset the cortisol levels to its normal level then the body never fully relaxes and when the next stressor comes along the cortisol levels are increase even higher.  If this cycle continues the body is unable to rest and relax as the cortisol levels remain too high and the body moves from the resistance phase to exhaustion.

You know are cortisol levels are high when you feel tired but wired, have difficulty sleeping and are very anxious.  Excess cortisol also interferes with the action of progesterone, testosterone and the thyroid creating more hormonal imbalances.

By the exhaustion stage the adrenal glands are either too depleted for producing too much cortisol or are reacting to the detrimental effects of high cortisol and thus reducing cortisol production significantly.    At this stage you feel tired in the morning, you are constantly ill due to the suppression of your immune system, have low blood sugar, depression and feel burned out.   As this stage develops muscle wastage can occur and diabetes can set in.

While this stage is very serious, it is possible to turn the situation around.  One of the key things is to learn to relax and rest.  I would also strong recommend Dr. Wilson’s book, Adrenal Fatigue: The 21st Century Stress Syndrome, or visit his website  Dr. Wilson’s web site, AdrenalFatigue.org, or visit Fawne Hanson’s website http://adrenalfatiguesolution.com/ as they are both excellent sources of information.

 

Related Posts

  • Power Poses

    Like most people I am interested in body language.  Like most people I noticed awkward social interactions in day to day life.  Until recently I considered that body language is about

    • what you are communicating others
    • what they are communicating to you
    I always viewed body language as a tool people use to help them understand how other people think & feel.  What I never considered is the impact my body language had on me.  The influence my body language hand on my thoughts, feelings and physiology. We all have situations in our life when we would like to feel more optimistic and confident basically more powerful.  Social science has show that powerful leaders have low levels of cortisol (i.e. low levels of the stress hormone) and high levels of testosterone (i.e. high levels of the dominance hormone).  So what if we could use our body language to make ourselves feel more powerful in challenging situations, it turns out we can by adopting the wonder woman pose. wonderwomanBy adopting the Wonder Woman pose for 2 minutes, social scientists have proven that it will increase your confidence, assertiveness and help you feel more comfortable in a situation.  This is due to the impact holding this "high power" pose for two minutes has on your body, its reduces your cortisol levels and increases your testosterone levels.  Meaning you are less reactive to stressful situations. So can you apply this in real life.  Last weekend I was on my sports massage course and each weekend we have a written test we need to pass.  For some reason I had misunderstood what the test was on and forgot to review the whole subject.  I discovered this about 30 minutes before the test.  So I was in a highly stressful situation.  So I decided to give this power pose a try and did it during the next 30 minutes while revising.  The science says 2 minutes but I felt I needed all the help I could get.  It turns out that I passed.  While this isn't irrevocable proof, I would recommend people try it. As Amy Cuddy says "our body's change our minds, our minds change our behavior and our behavior changes our outcomes."  For a more detailed understanding of power poses, the science behind them, watch Amy Cuddy's Your body language shapes who you are.  

  • Build your resilience

    This week it has been widely reported in the press that Hector Sants is taking time off to recover from stress and exhaustion.   While it is fantastic that he is getting the time and space he needs to recover his health, it reminded me of the importance of looking after ourselves.  So today I wanted to share my top tips for building your resilience. I say building resilience, as the key to good stress management is to build the emotional and mental strength to know that you are OK, even if you don’t feel fully in control of your situation.  While I encourage everyone to manage their time effectively, take control of what you are able to, there are times when we simply have to accept there are things we can’t control.  I was reminded of this myself this week when my landlady told me she would like me to move out by the end of the year, so her spare room is available for her cousin in case he needs it.   This came as a big shock given that I only re-located to London in August.  So while yes it was a shock, it is annoying to have to move again so quickly, I am very aware that I have the resilience to cope with moving again. So what helps build resilience?

    1. As I already said taking control of what you can control and accepting what you can’t control.
    2. Building a supportive network of friends to who are able to listen when you need support is essential, the old adage a problem shared is a problem halved is true.
    3. Be active, whether it’s simply going for a walk in the park or going to the gym.  Physical activity helps us feel mentally stronger and helps clams us emotionally so we are able to see the root cause of our problems so we are able to find effective solutions.  I find going for a walk in a park, clears my mind and gets my creative juices flowing so I can calmly deal with my problems.
    4. My next tip may seem rather strange but volunteer or do some kind of community work.  Being around people who have more challenges helps us put our problems in perspective.  For example talking to someone who is dealing with the challenges of cancer really put my needing to move again into perspective.
    5. When we feel really in a rush and under pressure it is very tempting to reach for alcohol, coffee or chocolate, but in the long term these don't offer real solutions.
    6. In the spirit of keep it simple, stupid, always remember that deep breaths helps the body to relax and help you to let go of whatever mental angst is going on.  When you get busy or anxious it is common to breath very rapidly from the top of your chest.  Putting your hand on your belly, and try breathing in for a count of three and then breath out for a count of three - with the aim of seeing your hand move as you breath deeply enough.
    7. Remember Reiki is great if you feel all over the pace  and jaded, while massage helps release all those tight achy shoulders.

  • Good Posture Exercise

    Having spoken previously about why poor posture is bad for you, I wanted to move on to give you a simple exercise that helps promote good posture.  Brugger's exercise routine is devised to activate postural muscles weakened and simultaneously stretched by a prolonged sitting posture. Slumped Position slumped Check the tension in your upper back and shoulders in the slumped posture and then in the Brugger's position, to see if you notice any difference as the muscle tension is dramatically reduced. Brugger Exercise Posture bruggers Step By Step Guide

    1. Sit perched towards the edge of your seat; this will naturally place your lower back into a curve (lumbar lordosis) with your butt sticking out a little.  As you do this your breastbone (sternum) will naturally lift up.
    2. Separate your legs to 45 degrees each side with your feet turned out slightly and in line with your knees.
    3. Your shoulders are relaxed and down with your chin tucked in, making the back of your neck longer – imagine a piece of string is attached to the top of your head and someone is lifting you up.
    4. Fully straighten (extend) both elbows and arms.
    5. Make sure you keep your shoulders down and imagine your shoulder blades [scapula] are pushing down and together to form a V.
    6. Turn your thumbs out (externally rotate), palms up.
    7. Separate your fingers.
    8. You should now be in the position show above in the Brugger's exercise posture picture.
    9. Hold for 30 seconds.
    Ideally you should perform the Brugger's exercise once for every thirty minutes of sitting, so why not try this once a day. PS The Science This exercise was developed by a Swiss Neurologist called Alois Brugger MD,  the exercise is neither a traditional stretch or strengthening technique but works neurologically by being complementary to the way your body is wired to work. Our bodies are neurologically much stronger in all of our flexor muscles. This is displayed perfectly if we look at a person with a neurological disorder, e.g. cerebral palsy; their body naturally has increased tension (hypertension) in the flexor muscles, also known as the spastic posture. This demonstrates our natural prosperity to an Upper Cross Posture which often develops when we sit for prolonged periods of time in a slumped position. Muscles work in groups. When one group is working then the opposing group are unable to work (inhibited).  An easy example to visualise of this is when you place food in your mouth. To do this you flex your fingers, wrist muscles, bicep muscles and pecs., all flexors. However, to be able to do this you have to inhibit your finger extensors, wrist extensors, triceps, rhomboids etc. This is called reciprocal inhibition. If you were unable to do this you would be unable to feed yourself. The Brugger exercise works on the principal of reciprocal inhibition. When doing this exercise you are activating all your extensor muscles and therefore inhibiting all of your (usually hyper activated) flexor muscles.